The Telephone Historical Centre is dedicated to gathering, researching, organizing, documenting, exhibiting and storing telecommunications history materials. Additionally, there are working Panel and Crossbar electromechanical central-office switches on display along with functioning poles, cables and splicing equipment.
From Alexander Bell’s basic box phone to cell phones today, this museum traces the development of communication technology. Additionally, it highlights trends in phone design – for example payphones harbored germs that spread infection while many models included built-in ashtrays.
Alexander Graham Bell
Alexander Graham Bell was best known as the creator and inventor of the telephone, yet also an esteemed scientist. His passion and innovative spirit resulted in groundbreaking advancements across telecommunications, aviation, education for deaf people and even medicine for his beloved patients.
Bell’s interest in sound and communication stemmed from childhood. Both his father and grandfather were recognized speech therapists who used Visible Speech, an illustrated system designed to teach deaf students ‘oralism’. After two of his younger brothers succumbed to tuberculosis in spring 1867, the Bell family immigrated to Canada where Bell continued teaching deaf students how to speak (‘oralism).
Bell first unveiled his telephone at Osborne House on the Isle of Wight for Queen Victoria to see and immediately became famous worldwide. Additionally, he pioneered recording technology, giant tetrahedral kites, education for deaf children, as well as helping with deaf education. Bell is still leaving an impactful legacy through such innovations as cell phones and the Internet – not forgetting his contributions in medicine, aeronautics and marine engineering.
Samuel Morse
Samuel Morse pioneered the invention of a single-wire telegraph that enabled instantaneous communication across long distances. His wires linked communities, newspapers pooled resources to send telegraphed news reports via his wires, railroads coordinated schedules and safety signals accordingly, while President Abraham Lincoln received battle reports directly from frontlines during Civil War battlefronts.
Morse had the gift of leadership. Not only did he run for mayor twice unsuccessfully in New York, he founded the National Academy of Design to increase U.S. respect for painters and was an enthusiastic backer of Marquis de Lafayette’s efforts at liberal reform in Europe.
This exhibition presents Morse’s early telegraph receivers, such as one made out of an ordinary picture frame fastened to a table using clock wheels and lead pieces from an old clock. Also displayed is a drawing of Morse’s first telegraph mechanism: using ribbon of paper with ridged slugs to record dots and dashes that corresponded with letters in alphabet. To decipher messages correctly this way.
Outdoor Telephone Cables
At first, telephone signals were transmitted across long distances using outdoor cables buried underground or strung on poles in rural areas and often passing through repeater huts before reaching another telephone.
Once a signal reached a telephone handset, it was converted back to electrical impulses for transmission over another set of copper wires until reaching its final destination.
The telephone company maintained outdoor cables. From direct burial to in duct systems, these must be protected from weather conditions that could expose them to moisture, which would short out and create problems for callers as well as call takers. To safeguard against this happening, paper cables (later PIC cables) were made that resembled lead cable but featured a plastic jacket; these were called paper cables or PIC cables for short.
Modern Telephones
The telephone revolutionized communication. Instantaneous transmission enabled instant communication and changed how we live our lives forever.
The word telephone, from its Greek roots tele, which translates to “far,” and phone, which translates to sound, was first applied to ancient string telephones created by Chimu culture members using gourds and stretched hide. After Alexander Graham Bell’s 1876 patent however, its meaning became associated with modern communication devices capable of carrying voice calls, video transmission and internet services.
Modern telephone instruments are predominantly electronic, replacing metal wire coils found in older sets with integrated circuits for multifaceted functions. Mechanical bell ringers have also been replaced by electronically controlled sound-detecting circuits utilizing electret microphones to convert sound vibrations into electrical signals.
Visit the Telephone Historical Centre to gain an understanding of telecommunications’ history. The museum houses an array of telephones from 1901-1970 spanning early wall phones and back-end switchboards – the oldest complete telephone collection west of Mississippi!
